Here is the key for Dates and Names of Scientists mentioned in Ch # 16,19-20. There is no name in Chapter # 15 (Homeostasis), 17 (Coordination and Control), 18 (Reproduction).
Soon, I will also prepare the similar keys for Ch # 6-14 and 21-28. Later, you will be also provided with the key for diseases mentioned in FSc.
Chapter # 16: Support and Movement
Sliding Filament Model
In 1954, H. Huxley and A. F. Huxley and their colleagues suggested this hypothesis.
Chapter # 19: Growth and Development
Growth Correlation
In 1934, Thimann and Skoog performed experiments and showed that apical dominance was caused by inhibitory effect.
Other Experiments:
- In 1892, Hans Driesch performed and experiment on Sea Urchin cell at two-celled stage.
- Spemann performed experiments on Salamander zygote:
- Neucleated and anucleated halves
- Gray crescent experiment
Role of Nucleus
Haemmerling performed experiments on Acetabularia.
Concept of Differentiation
Spemann performed experiments on Frog’s embryo.
Embryonic Induction
In 1924, Hans Spemann and Hilde Mangold.
Chapter # 20: Chromosomes & DNA
Discovery of Chromosome
In 1882, by German embryologist, Walther Fleming.
Chromosome Heredity
In 1900, by German geneticist, Karl Correns. It was a rediscovery of Mendel’s work.
The Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance
In 1902, by American scientist, Walter Sutton.
Sex Linkage
In 1910, by Thomas Hunt Morgan on Drosophila Melanogaster.
DNA Hereditary nature
Discovered by British microbiologist, Frederick Griffith. He infected mice with virulent strain of streptococcus pneumonia bacteria.
Discovery of Streptococcus
In 1944.
Transforming Principle
Oswald Avery along with Colin Macleod and Maclyn McCarty
Additional evidence
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase. Experimented with bacteriophage T2.
Discovery of DNA
In 1869, by German Chemist, Friedrich Miescher (4 years after Mendel’s work was published). Also mentioned in Chapter 2.
Basic Structure of Nucleic Acid
In 1920’s, by a Biochemist, P. A. Levene.
Ratio of Bases
Erwin Chargaff. Also mentioned in Chapter 2 (In 1951).
X-Ray Diffraction analysis of DNA
In 1953, by a British Chemist, Rosalind Franklin as a helix structure. Also mentioned in Chapter 2.
Structure of DNA molecule
James Watson and Francis Crick, University of Cambridge, as a double helix structure
3 Hypothesis of DNA Replication
In 1958, by Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl, California Institute of Technology.
Family Inherited Diseases
In 1902, by Archibald Garrod and William Bateson
One Gene / One Enzyme
In 1941, by Geneticists, George Beadle and Edward Tatum, Stanford University. They exposed Neurospora to X-rays and came to the conclusion ONE GENE / ONE ENZYME which has been, presently, changed into ONE GENE / ONE POLYPEPTIDE
DNA encoding of Protein Structure
In 1953, English Biochemist, Frederick Sanger discovered the sequence of amino acids of insulin.
Molecular Basis of Sickle Cell Anemia
In 1956, discovered by Vernon Ingram, Cambridge University.
64 Codons
Marshall Nirenberg, Philip Leader and Har Gobind Khorana, after Crick’s experiment, tested all the 64 codons.
Enjoy reading and learning it.
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